17
be newly defined by turning the focusing wheel
(Fig. 1, 9).
NOTE:
Please be very careful when
doing this. When you move the
mechanical plate upwards to
fast the objective lens and the
slide can touch and become
damaged.
7. Viewed Object –
condition and preparation
7.1. Condition
With the Barlow lens nearly fully extended
magnification can be doubled. Both
transparent and non-transparent specimens
can be examined with this microscope, which
is a direct as well as transmitted light model.
If opaque specimens are examined - such as
small animals, plant parts, tissue, stone and
so on - the light is reflected from the specimen
through the lens and eyepiece, where it is
magnified, to the eye (reflected light principle,
switch position I). If opaque specimens are
examined the light from below goes through
the specimen, lens and eyepiece to the eye
and is magnified en route (direct light principle,
switch position II). Many small organisms
of the water, plant parts and finest animal
components have now from nature these
transparent characteristic, other ones must be
accordingly prepared. Is it that we make it by
means of a pre-treatment or penetration with
suitable materials (media) transparent or thus
that we cut finest wafers off of them (hand
cut, MicroCut) and these then examine. With
these methods will us the following part make
familiar.
7.2. Creation of thin preparation cuts
Specimens should be sliced as thin as possible,
as stated before. A little wax or paraffin is
needed to achieve the best results. A candle can
be used for the purpose. The wax is put in a bowl
and heated over a flame. The specimen is then
dipped several times in the liquid wax. The wax
is finally allowed to harden. Use a MicroCut (Fig
2, 24) or knife/scalpel (carefully) to make very
thin slices of the object in its wax casing.
DANGER!
Be extremely careful when
using the knives/scalpels
or the MicroCut. There is an
increased risk of injury due to
the sharp edges!
These slices are then laid on a glass slide and
covered with another.
7.3. Creation of an own preparation
Put the object which shall be observed on a
glass slide and give with a pipette (Fig. 8, 22a)
a drop of distilled water on the object (Fig. 8).
Set a cover glass (in each well sorted hobby
shop available) perpendicularly at the edge of
the water drop, so that the water runs along the
cover glass edge (Fig. 8). Lower now the cover
glass slowly over the water drop.
i
TIP:
The gum medium supplied
(Fig 2, 25b) is used to make
permanent slide cultures. Add
it instead of distilled water.
The gum medium hardens so
that the specimen is perma-
nently afxed to its slide.
8. Experiments
If you made yourself familiar with the
microscope already, you can accomplish the
following experiments and observe the results
under your microscope.
8.1. Newspaper print
Objects:
1. A small piece of paper from a newspaper
with parts of a picture and some letters
DE
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